The ESC has always put a great emphasis on the training of Young Scientists. The free-of-charge Training Course it offers to selected applicants in the days following its General Assembly is proof of this commitment.
The ESC2010 Training Course will take place from
September 13 to September 17, 2010.
This Training week will be dedicated to Urban Seismology and led by the LGIT Grenoble.
It is coordinated by Dr. Philippe Gueguen.
This Training Course will take place at the University Montpellier 2. A room equiped with computers will be dedicated to participants.
Here is the Final Agenda
URBAN SEISMOLOGY: PROBABILISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND CONSEQUENCES FOR SEISMIC RISK IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT.
Short presentation
The ESC training course "Urban seismology" is intended to provide students an overview of the up-to-date techniques aimed at estimating seismic hazard, considering probabilistic approaches. It builds on the basic seismology and engineering material delivered the first day. It is also intended to go deeper in some fields in connection with the ground motion prediction equations (day 2) and probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (day 2) with exercices and practice (days 3 and 4). Site effects and seismic ground motion simulation will be also debated the day 5.
The main topics contained in the ESC 2010 "Urban Seismology" Training course are:
1. Basic seismology and the parameters used for characterizing the seismic activity and events.
2. Ground motion measurements: instruments, networks, data bases.
3. Ground motion characterization .
4. Ground Motion Prediction Equations, probabilities and special focus on standard deviations and variability of the seismic ground motion.
5. PSHA (Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment): this module is the core of the with a special emphasis with lectures and exercises.
6. Ground shaking site effects: Physical Phenomena; Required site parameters; Estimation methods; Induced site effects: liquefaction; Induced site effects: landslides.
The ESC 2010 training course is opened to Graduate students in Earthquake engineering, Engineering seismology or Geotechnical engineering. Students will be awarded a ESC2010 training course diploma. The official language is English. Admission to the course depends mainly on academic qualifications, past professional experience, reference letters and English proficiency.
Time slots: 9h00-13h00 and 14h00-18h00.
Monday morning: Introduction to the ESC
Ina Cecic (ESC Executive Committee)
Monday morning: Basic seismology
Luis Riviera (EOST-Strasbourg)
Earth structure, plate tectonics, Seismic waves and phases (vibratory motion, fundamental theorems of elastodynamics, wave propagation, attenuation of waves), Earthquakes seen as a point source (earthquake location, focal mechanism, magnitudes), Earthquakes seen as finite sources (fault rupture and elastic rebound, Haskell model, directivity, earthquake spectrum, magnitude saturation).
Suggested readings:
Lay T. and T. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology, Academic Press, 1995.
Stein, S. and M. Wysession, An introduction to seismology: Earthquakes and Earth Structure, Blackwell, 2007.
Monday afternoon: Earthquake and Engineering Seismology
John Clinton (ETHZ)
Instrumentation in seismology
Seismic Network operation - earthquake detection, location and magnitude, alerting
Earthquake early warning
Realtime data products - moment tensors, ShakeMaps
Ground motion intensity
Ground motion parameterisation, with particular regard to strong motion
Suggested readings: International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Parts 1&2; William H. K. Lee, et al.
An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes and Earth Structure; Stein and Wysession
Instrumentation in Earthquake Seismology; Haskov and Alguacil
Tuesday morning: Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and the role of uncertainties: an introduction.
Frank Scherbaum (Univ. Postdam)
This lecture introduces selected aspects of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, in particular for regions of low and moderate seismic activity. In addition to introducing the basic terms of PSHA, it describes the different types of uncertainties one has to deal with in this context and illustrates the sensitivity of seismic hazard calculations to various components of the analysis.
Tuesday afternoon: Selecting and adjusting GMPE
Fabrice Cotton (Univ. Grenoble)
A vital component of any seismic hazard analysis is a model for predicting the expected distribution of ground motions at a site due to possible earthquake scenarios. In most regions of the world there is not a large database of indigenous earthquake recordings and then no model specific to the target area. The goal of this module is then to discuss the criteria and procedures for selecting and adjusting suites of ground-motion models for seismic hazard analysis. We will also discuss the use of small and moderate earthquake data to determine or calibrate strong motion ground-motion models and evaluate model applicability.
Wednesday morning - Thursday afternoon: Fundamentals of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA)
Céline Beauval (IRD-Grenoble) and Nicolas Kuehn (Univ. Postdam)
1. Seismicity modelling
- Occurrence models (in space, magnitude, time)
- Completeness issues
- Deriving recurrence parameters
2. PSHA
2a. Main constitutive steps and their combination
- probabilities of occurrence of earthquakes
- probabilities of occurrence of ground-motions (using GMPEs)
- calculation of seismic hazard curves
2b. Advanced understanding
- sensitivity studies for understanding the impact of input parameters on probabilistic estimations (Mmin, Mmax, a, b, sigma of GMPE, truncation of GMPE)
- deagregation to understand results of sensitivity studies
- logic trees
- some key issues currently under debate : truncation, Amax, ...
3. Using data to constrain PSHA
possibilities and limits of using strong motion data / intensity data to constrain PSHA results
Friday morning: Site response studies: from regional to site-specific evaluations
Fabian Bonilla (IRSN)
It is widely known that local geology can strongly affect the ground motion at the surface. In this course we will show the empirical methods to estimate site amplification. Furthermore, when site characterization is known, we will introduce the numerical schemes to compute the response of a soil column. Regardless of the method used, one important parameter is the determination of the uncertainties related to the site response computation. For example, what is the effect of the degree of knowledge of the velocity profile on the amplification estimates? This problem leads to a probabilistic approach of site response evaluation. Finally, we will couple site amplification estimates to PSHA studies to estimate the site-specific seismic hazard on sedimentary sites.
Suggested readings: Archuleta, R.J., P. Liu, J.H. Steidl, L.F. Bonilla, D. Lavallée, and F. Heuze (2003). Finite-fault ste-specific acceleration time histories that include nonlinear site response, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 137, 153-181.
Bonilla, L.F., J.H. Steidl, G.T. Lindley, A.G. Tumarkin, and R.J. Archuleta (1997). Site Amplification in the San Fernando Valley, California: Variability of Site-Effect Estimation Using the S-wave, Coda, and H/V Methods, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 87, 710-730.
Bonilla, L.F., R.J. Archuleta, and D. Lavallée (2005). Hysteretic and Dilatant Behavior of Cohesionless Soils and Their Effects on Nonlinear Site Response: Field Data Observations and Modeling, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 95, 2373 - 2395.
Boore, D. M., & Joyner, W. B. (1997). Site amplifications for generic rock sites. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87 (2), 327-341.
Cotton, F., F. Scherbaum, J. J. Bommer, and Hilmar Bungum (2006). Criteria for selecting and adjusting ground-motion models for specific target regions: Application to Central Europe and rock sites, Journal of Seismology, DOI: 10.1007/s10950-005-9006-7.
Cramer, C. H. (2003). Site-specific seismic-hazard analysis that is completely probabilistic, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 93 (4), 1841-1846.
Douglas, J., P. Gehl, L.F. Bonilla, O. Scotti, J. Regnier, A.M. Duval, and E. Bertrand (2009). Making the most of available site information for empirical ground-motion prediction, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 99, 1502-1520.
Ishihara, K. (1996). Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics, Clarenton, Press, Oxford, 350 pp.
Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geothechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 653 pp.
Some specific materials should be provided for the course or asked to the participants to have, as well as scientific background.
